Allergies While Pregnant: How to Safely Manage
Allergies during pregnancy can pose a unique challenge. The changes happening in your body might make you more sensitive to allergens, while managing symptoms becomes more complicated. Studies show that up to 30% of pregnant individuals experience worsened allergy symptoms, so it’s important to understand how pregnancy affects allergies and what safe, effective options are available for relief.
Key Takeaways
Pregnancy can exacerbate allergies due to hormonal changes, making management more difficult.
Some over-the-counter allergy treatments are considered safe during pregnancy, but always consult your healthcare provider.
Simple home adjustments and diet changes can help manage mild symptoms.
For moderate to severe symptoms, consult a doctor for a safe treatment plan.
How Pregnancy Affects Allergies
Pregnancy can alter the immune system, leading to more intense allergic reactions. Hormonal shifts, particularly increased levels of estrogen, can make the nasal passages more sensitive, causing worsened allergy symptoms. Pregnancy may cause increased swelling in nasal passages, making it harder to breathe and leading to more frequent sinus infections. Allergies can also overlap with common pregnancy symptoms, such as congestion and fatigue, making it harder to differentiate between what is allergies and what is simply being pregnant.
In some cases, allergic rhinitis (inflammation of the nose) may develop or become more severe during pregnancy, leading to symptoms like congestion, sneezing, and runny nose. This happens because of increased blood flow and changes in the body’s response to allergens, which can worsen during allergy seasons.
Signs of Allergies
Recognizing the symptoms of allergies is crucial to taking the right steps for managing them. While pregnancy can mimic some allergy-like symptoms, knowing the specific signs can help you differentiate between the two and address them effectively. Common signs of allergies during pregnancy include:
Sneezing and a runny nose: These are hallmark symptoms of allergic rhinitis, triggered by allergens like pollen, dust, or pet dander. Sneezing fits and a constantly runny nose may be more frequent due to hormonal changes that increase nasal sensitivity.
Itchy or watery eyes: Allergens can trigger an immune response, causing your eyes to become itchy, red, or watery. This reaction is common when exposed to pollen or other airborne particles.
Nasal congestion: Swelling of the nasal passages from allergens may cause congestion, making it harder to breathe through your nose. This can feel like a stuffy nose, and pregnancy may worsen these symptoms due to increased blood flow and hormone levels.
Coughing or wheezing: Allergies can cause inflammation in the respiratory system, leading to coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath. If these symptoms persist or are severe, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider, especially if you have a history of asthma or other respiratory conditions.
Skin rashes or hives: Allergic reactions can also affect the skin, causing rashes, hives, or itching. These may appear in response to allergens you’ve come in contact with, like certain foods, insect bites, or fabric.
Headaches or sinus pressure: Nasal congestion and inflammation can lead to sinus pressure, resulting in headaches or facial pain. The pressure can build up behind your eyes, cheeks, or forehead and may become more pronounced in the mornings or during allergy season.
If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to track them and discuss your treatment options with your doctor to ensure a safe and effective plan.
How to Manage Mild Allergies While Pregnant
For many, mild allergy symptoms are manageable with lifestyle adjustments and over-the-counter remedies. Here are a few strategies to help manage mild allergy symptoms and provide relief.
Antihistamines
Antihistamines are commonly used to treat allergy symptoms, but their safety during pregnancy can vary. First-generation antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) may cause drowsiness and are often considered safe in moderation. However, newer, non-drowsy antihistamines (e.g., Zyrtec or Claritin) are generally preferred because they have fewer side effects. It’s always advisable to consult your doctor before using any antihistamine during pregnancy to ensure it’s appropriate for your specific condition.
Diet
Certain dietary adjustments may help alleviate mild allergy symptoms. For example, adding anti-inflammatory foods such as leafy greens, citrus fruits, and omega-3 rich foods (like salmon) can help reduce inflammation associated with allergic reactions. Avoiding foods that are high in histamine (such as aged cheese, cured meats, or alcohol) may reduce symptoms. Staying hydrated can also help thin mucus in the nasal passages. Speak with a nutritionist or doctor before making significant dietary changes to ensure they’re safe during pregnancy.
Home Adjustments
Making simple changes in your home environment can also provide allergy relief. Keep windows closed during high pollen seasons, use air purifiers to reduce allergens, and regularly clean your home to minimize dust buildup. Avoid exposure to pets or certain plants that may trigger allergic reactions. Adding certain plants like spider plants or peace lilies can also help filter the air, improving indoor air quality.
How to Manage Moderate or Severe Allergies While Pregnant
In cases of more intense allergic reactions, additional treatments might be necessary. Always discuss these with your healthcare provider before trying any option.
Nasal Sprays
Nasal sprays like saline solutions or corticosteroid sprays (e.g., Flonase) are generally safe during pregnancy and can provide quick relief from nasal congestion. Corticosteroid nasal sprays have a minimal absorption rate, making them a preferred option for pregnant individuals. However, always check with your healthcare provider to ensure the product is suitable for you.
Decongestants
Decongestants (like Sudafed) are often used to relieve nasal congestion, but they should be avoided during the first trimester due to potential risks. For later stages of pregnancy, your doctor may approve decongestants if necessary, though they should still be used with caution, as they can increase blood pressure. Discuss with your healthcare provider whether decongestants are right for you.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy, or allergy shots, may be recommended for individuals with severe allergies. However, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider, as some studies suggest that allergy shots may not be ideal during pregnancy due to potential reactions. Alternatives like sublingual immunotherapy (allergy tablets) may be safer options, but it’s crucial to have a tailored plan with a doctor.
When to See a Doctor
If your allergy symptoms worsen or become difficult to manage despite your efforts, or if you’re considering any treatment that hasn’t been approved by your doctor, it’s time to seek professional guidance. In particular, if you experience difficulty breathing, chest tightness, or severe facial swelling, immediate medical attention is required. Consult a doctor if over-the-counter treatments don’t bring relief or if you’re experiencing symptoms that interfere with daily activities.
Bottom Line
Managing allergies during pregnancy requires a balance between finding relief and ensuring the safety of both you and your baby. Birthly’s online childbirth education classes can help you navigate the physical changes that pregnancy brings, offering support for overall health and wellness during this critical time. By staying informed and working with your healthcare provider, you can manage allergies effectively and ensure a healthier pregnancy experience.
Allergies While Pregnant FAQ
Can allergy medications safely be used during pregnancy?
Yes, some allergy medications are safe during pregnancy, but it’s essential to consult with your healthcare provider before taking any medication.
Should I continue my allergy shots during pregnancy?
It’s best to consult with your doctor about continuing allergy shots during pregnancy, as their safety may depend on your individual situation.
Can I pass my allergies to my baby?
While you can’t directly "pass" allergies to your baby, there may be a genetic predisposition to allergic conditions if a parent has them.
Can I use an EpiPen while pregnant?
Yes, an EpiPen can be used during pregnancy in an emergency, as the benefits of preventing a severe allergic reaction outweigh any potential risks.
Sources
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9112393/
https://acaai.org/allergies/allergies-101/who-gets-allergies/pregnancy-and-allergy/
https://breathefreely.com/allergy-relief-pregnant/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pregnancy-rhinitis
https://awhdallas.com/which-over-the-counter-medications-are-safe-to-use-during-pregnancy/
https://acaai.org/allergies/allergies-101/who-gets-allergies/pregnancy-and-allergy/